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Kurt May (1896–1992) was director of the United Restitution Organization, which assisted victims of Nazism, from its inception in 1948 to his retirement at age 91, in 1988. For more than forty years he played a leading role in efforts to obtain compensation for Jews and Roma (Gypsies) who had been persecuted, maltreated and robbed of their possessions by the Nazis. He presided over a worldwide organization with branches in 19 countries and a staff of more than 1000. In the course of its existence, the URO aided over 500,000 people. He also virtually singlehandedly compelled the postwar German government to admit that the Nazis had persecuted Roma on grounds of race and ethnicity. The decision was made in a 1956 German court ruling after a 10-year legal battle, and opened up the possibility of Roma claiming compensation for Nazi crimes.〔''Germany and its Gypsies: a post-Auschwitz ordeal'' (By Gilad Margalit, 2002) ()〕 Benjamin Ferencz, the Chief Prosecutor for the United States Army at the postwar Nuremberg war crimes trials, wrote in his book ''“Less than Slaves”'' (1979) that Kurt May had also been one of the driving forces in efforts to obtain compensation for former slave laborers who had been forced to work under horrendous and often fatal conditions at I.G. Farben and other companies which collaborated closely with the Nazi SS.〔(''Less than Slaves'' (By Benjamin Ferencz, 1979) )〕 == Early life == Kurt May was born into a prosperous and assimilated German-Jewish family in the German town of Meiningen on August 15, 1896.〔''The date of birth is printed in: Diskriminierung und Ausgrenzung per Gesetz, Schicksale jüdischer Notare und Konsulenten im OLG Bezirk Jena zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus, ISBN 978-3944420097'' (By Sebastian C. Dewaldt/Heiko Ziemer, 2013)〕 He fought on behalf of Germany in the First World War, serving in the Ardennes and at the Russian front, and was decorated for his bravery. He was also an outstanding tennis player and played in various international tournaments as a young man. After the war and his successful law degree he built up a thriving legal practice in Jena. His associate was Walter Ledermann. With the rise of Hitler and the Nazi regime’s anti-Jewish legislation of April 7, 1933 - the “Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service” and the “Act of Admission to Legal Profession” Kurt May was banned from his profession. May was also singled out by the Nazis for attack after he defended a prominent Social Democrat politician who was falsely accused by the Nazis of being a communist. In consequence of the Nazi persecution of Jews, Kurt May left for Palestine in 1934. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kurt May」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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